Direct speech and Indirect speech

Duh enak bgt ni Chitato.a #curcol ,, hahahaa sorry sambil ngemil gtu deh biar gk bosan,,

Ok, sekarang qta akan ngebahas topic ttg pidato scra lgsg dan tdk lgsg … Kalo mau tau liat aja ni yg d bwah …

 Direct speech and Indirect speech
  

• Direct speech : refers to reproducing another persons excact word. We use quotation marks (" ")

• Example of Direct Speech :

1.               Jani said, “I’m very busy .”

2.               They said, “We have bought a picture.”

3.               He said, “I am learning my lesson.”

4.               Lisa says, “I got the first prize.”

5.               You said, “I will come to help him.”

6.               Oskar will say, “I will do my best.” 

• Indirect speech : refers to reproducing the idea of another persons word.

• There are 3 kinds of indirect speech :

1. Imperrative (command/request)
2. interrogative (question)
3. Declarative (statement)

• Example :

1. Imperrative (command / request)
Direct : Mrs. Rika said to Dina, "Don't wory about it."
Indirect : Mrs. Rika told Dina not to wory about it.

2. Interrogative (question)
Direct : Risa asked to Nico, "Are you a journalist?"
Indirect : Risa asked if / whether He was journalist.

3. Declarative (statement)
Direct : Mr. Dion said, "I worked hard yesterday."
Indirect : Mr. Dion said that he worked hard the day before.

• In comand sentences, direct speech can changed to indirect speech with change "Said" to be "Ordered", "Told", and "Forbade".

• Example :

1. Direct : Hamid said, "Open the door!"
Indirect : Hamid ordered to open the door.

2. Direct : Hamid said, "Dul, come here!"
Indirect : Hamid told Dul to come there.

3. Direct : Hamid said to Andi, "Do not disturb me!"
Indirect : Hamid forbade Andi to disturb him.

• Time change

Expressions of time if reported on a different day
This (evening)	›	That (evening)
Today	›	Yesterday
These (days)	›	Those (days)
Now	›	Then
(a week) ago	›	(a week) before
Last weekend	›	The weekend before last / the previous weekend
Here	›	There
Next (week)	›	The following (week)
Tomorrow	›	The next/following day

• Tense change

Direct speech		Indirect speech
Present simple  She said, "It's cold."	›	Past simple  She said it was cold.
Present continuous  She said, "I'm teaching English online."	›	Past continuous  She said she was teaching English online.
Present perfect simple  She said, "I've been on the web since 1999."	›	Past perfect simple She said she had been on the web since 1999.
Present perfect continuous  She said, "I've been teaching English for seven years."	›	Past perfect continuous  She said she had been teaching English for seven years.
Past simple  She said, "I taught online yesterday."	›	Past perfect  She said she had taught online yesterday.
Past continuous  She said, "I was teaching earlier."	›	Past perfect continuous  She said she had been teaching earlier.
Past perfect  She said, "The lesson had already started when he arrived."	›	Past perfect  She said the lesson had already started when he arrived.
Past perfect continuous She said, "I'd already been teaching for five minutes."	›	Past perfect continuous  She said she'd already been teaching for five minutes.