Adjective Clauses

Hujan hujan hujan dan hujan .....

Ngeposting ni materi ditemenin sama derai hujan sama suara kodok -_- .. Iuuuhhh , tapi ttp hrus semangat ,, gk boleh malas #pepatahmamah xD. 

Ok, aku balik lagi nih... Topik yang akan dibahas sekarang adalah urutan ketiga pada semester ini.. Hmmmmm ,, penasaran ?? ya udh deh lgsg aja ya , topiknya adalah Adjective Clause ...

Pada tau gk nih sama isi materi ini ?? aku jelasin dikit yaahh ;;)

Adjective Clause ini dinamakan juga RELATIVE CLAUSE yaitu Clause (anak kalimat) yang digunakan/berfungsi sebagai adjective yang menerangkan keadaan noun atau pronoun. Posisi adjective clause selalu mengikuti noun atau pronoun (subject atauobject) yang dijelaskan. Dengan kata lain klausa ini merupakan informasi yang ditambahkan terhadap subject atau object. 

Untuk lebih jelasnya ,, langsung baca aja yg di bawah ini .... Have u enjoy   :D 

Adjective Clause

Contoh Adjective Clause pada Complex Sentence:

Simple Sentence	Complex Sentence	Keterangan
The book is interesting.	The bookthat he has read is interesting.	The book: noun (phrase), that: relative pronoun, that he has read: adjective clause yang menjelaskan the book. Merupakan klausa karena terdiri dari subject (he) dan verb (has read) dan merupakanadjective clause karena menjelaskan noun.

Rumus Adjective Clause

Complex Sentence:

Subject (+be/verb+Noun/Pronoun) + Adjective Clause

Adjective Clause:

Relative Pronoun +/- S*+V

Keterangan: *Relative pronoun (who, which, that) dapat berfungsi sebagai subject jika tidak ada subject

Fungsi Relative Pronoun pada Adjective Clause

Beberapa fungsi relative pronoun di dalam adjective clause berikut contohnya adalah sebagai berikut.

Fungsi	Relative Pronoun	Contoh Adjective Clause	Pembuktian
Subject	who, that, which	that was made of cheddar cheese.	coba substitusi dengan “It” (subjectivepersonal pronoun)
Object*	whom, that, which, who	whom I want to buy	coba substitusi dengan “it” (objective personal pronoun)
Possessive	whose	whose house has burned down	coba substitusi dengan “his” (possessive personal pronoun)

*Dapat dihilangkan pada defining relative clause.

1. Adjective Clause Using Subject Pronouns: Who, Which, That

Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with Subject Pronouns: "Who", "Which", "That"

Without adjective clause / relative clause	Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will introduce you to a friend. He runs a successful business.	I will introduce you to a friend who runs a successful business. I will introduce you to a friend that runs a successful business.
The book is about religion. It has raised controversy.	The book which has raised controversy is about religion. The book that has raised controversy is about religion.

Notes:

• "Who", "which", atau "that" adalah subyek dalam adjective clause.
• "Who" digunakan untuk mengganti subyek berupa orang.
• "Which" digunakan untuk mengganti subyek berupa benda.
• "That" digunakan untuk mengganti subyek berupa orang maupun benda, dan lebih umum dipakai daripada "which". Akan tetapi, "that" hanya bisa digunakan pada defining relative clause saja. 

2. Adjective Clause Using Object Pronouns: Who(m), Which, That

Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with Object Pronouns: "Who(m)", "Which", "That"

Without adjective clause / relative clause	Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will introduce you to a friend. You have never met him before.	I will introduce you to a friend (who(m)) you have never met before. I will introduce you to a friend (that) you have never met before.
The book is about religion. I bought it in Gramedia bookstore last week.	The book (which) I bought in Gramedia bookstore last week is about religion. The book (that) I bought in Gramedia bookstore last week is about religion.
The song was very popular in 1990's. I am listening to it.	The song to which I am listening was very popular in 1990's. The song (which) I am listening to was very popular in 1990's. The song (that) I am listening to was very popular in 1990's.

Notes:

• "Whom" digunakan untuk mengganti obyek berupa orang, umumnya digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris formal. Untuk bahasa Inggris informal dan percakapan, "who" lebih sering dipakai menggantikan "whom".
• "Which" digunakan untuk mengganti obyek berupa benda.
• "That" digunakan untuk mengganti obyek berupa orang maupun benda, dan lebih umum dipakai daripada "which". Akan tetapi, "that" hanya bisa digunakan pada defining relative clause saja.
• Pada bahasa Inggris percakapan (lisan), "who", "which", atau "that" seringkali dihilangkan.

3. Adjective Clause Using Whose

Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with "Whose"

Without adjective clause / relative clause	Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will introduce you to a friend. His interest is learning English.	I will introduce you to a friend whose interest is learning English.
The old lady has a painting. Its value is inestimable.	The old lady has a painting whose value is inestimable.

Notes:

• Dalam adjective clause atau relative clause, "whose" digunakan untuk menunjukkan milik, menggantikan "his", "her", "its", atau "their".
• Sebagaimana "his", "her", "its", dan "their", "Whose" selalu diikuti kata benda.
• "Whose" tidak bisa dihilangkan.

4. Adjective Clause Using Where

Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with "Where"

Without adjective clause / relative clause	Using adjective clause / relative clause
I will take you to the restaurant. I usually have lunch there (at the restaurant).	I will take you to the restaurant where I usually have lunch. I will take you to the restaurant at which I usually have lunch. I will take you to the restaurant (which) I usually have lunch at.
The old lady has sold the house. She has lived there (in the house) for more than twenty years.	The old lady has sold the house where she has lived for more than twenty years. The old lady has sold the house in which she has lived for more than twenty years. The old lady has sold the house (which) she has lived in for more than twenty years.

Notes:

• "Where" dalam adjective clause atau relative clause digunakan untuk menjelaskan tempat.
• Jika "where" digunakan, preposition pada keterangan tempat (seperti in, from, to, at, on, under, above) tidak diperlukan dalam adjective clause. Sebaliknya, jika "where" tidak digunakan, preposition harus ada. (lihat contoh ke-2 dan ke-3 dalam tabel di atas)

 

5. Adjective Clause Using When

Adjective Clause / Relative Clause with "When"

Without adjective clause / relative clause	Using adjective clause / relative clause
We will never forget the day. My wife gave birth to my first son then (on that day).	We will never forget the day when my wife gave birth to my first son. We will never forget the day on which my wife gave birth to my first son. We will never forget the day (that) my wife gave birth to my first son.
August is the month. The weather gets very windy then (in August).	August is the month when the weather gets very windy. August is the month in which the weather gets very windy. August is the month (that) the weather gets very windy.

Notes:

• "When" dalam adjective clause atau relative clause digunakan untuk menjelaskan waktu.
• Jika "when" digunakan, preposition pada keterangan waktu (seperti in, on, at) tidak diperlukan dalam adjective clause. Sebaliknya, jika "where" tidak digunakan, preposition ada. (lihat contoh ke-2 dan ke-3 dalam tabel di atas)

• References :

http://www.eslbee.com/AdjClauses.htm

http://www.wordsmile.com/adjective-clause

http://blog.unsri.ac.id/iqbal/belajar-english-yuk/adjective-clause-penggunaan-who-whom-whose-which-dll/mrdetail/14729/

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/adj.htm

http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/adjectiveclause.htm

http://www.misterguru.web.id/2011/09/adjective-clause-relative-clause.html